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A state in southwestern United States on the Mexican border; Also called: Land of Enchantment.
State in southwestern US; nicknamed Land of Enchantment
area 315,000 sq km/121,590 sq mi
capital Santa Fe
towns and cities Albuquerque, Las Cruces, Roswell
physical more than 75% of the area lies over 1,200 m/3,900 ft above sea level; plains, mountains, caverns
features Great Plains; Rocky Mountains; Navajo and Hopi Native American reservations; White Sands and Gila Cliff Dwellings national monuments; Rio Grande; Carlsbad Caverns national park; Chaco Culture national historic park, with remains of pueblos, including Pueblo Bonito, the largest prehistoric Native American dwelling ever excavated in the SW, dating from the 12th century; Native American pueblos around Santa Fe and Albuquerque; Fort Sumner State Monument; Petroglyph national monument, with over 17,000 ancient rock drawings; Pecos national historic park; Albuquerque, dating from 1706, with San Felipe de Neri church, and the Indian Pueblo Cultural Center, with the largest collection of Native American arts and crafts in the SW; Santa Fe, with Spanish mission-style architecture, the pueblo-style Palace of the Governors, St Francis Cathedral, museums of American Indian arts, the Institute of American Indian Arts, and San Miguel Mission (1625), the oldest church still in use in the US; Taos art center; Kit Ca
rson home and museum, Taos; Ranchos de Taos, with San Francisco de Asis Church, an early mission church; Los Alamos National Laboratory, an atomic and space research center; White Sands Missile Range (also used by space shuttle); Kiowa Ranch, site of D H Lawrences stay in the Sangre de Cristos Mountains; Santa Fe Opera Company, which performs in an outdoor theater in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains
products uranium, potash, copper, oil, natural gas, petroleum and coal products; sheep farming; cotton; pecans; vegetables
famous people Billy the Kid, Kit Carson, Georgia OKeeffe
history explored by Francisco de Coronado for Spain 154042; Spanish settlement 1598 on the Rio Grande; Santa Fe founded 1610; most of New Mexico ceded to the US by Mexico 1848; became a state 1912. The first atomic bomb, a test device, was exploded in the desert near Alamogordo 16 July 1945. Oil and gas development and tourism now contribute to the state economy.
Synonyms: Land of Enchantment · NM · New Mexico